Semiotics of Synthetic Media

Authors

Giuditta Bassano
LUMSA University
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-4538
Andrew McIntyre
University of Amsterdam
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-7585
Piero Polidoro
LUMSA University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2330-5910

Synopsis

This chapter proposes a dual framework for interpreting synthetic media by coupling generative semiotics (enunciation, plastic/figurative isotopies, anchorage, uncanny cues) with Actor-Network Theory (ANT) mapping of production, circulation, and reception. We first situate synthetic images within longer genealogies of manipulation while stressing contemporary discontinuities in scale, speed, access, and political stakes. We then articulate how meaning emerges at two levels: internal textual organization and the socio-technical networks of datasets, models, platforms, policies, and audiences. Four case studies (satire/meme, advertising resurrection, televisual “interview,” participatory grotesque) demonstrate how contracts of veridiction shift across genres and contexts. Finally, we introduce a semiotically grounded taxonomy and a reception matrix oriented to political prevention and media-education strategies, privileging capacity-building over mere detection.

Author Biographies

Giuditta Bassano, LUMSA University

Giuditta Bassano is Associate Professor of Semiotics at LUMSA University in Rome. She holds a PhD in Cultural Semiotics from the Semiotics School of Umberto Eco at the University of Bologna, under the auspices of the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa. Her main research areas include Cultural and Legal Semiotics, the semiotic analysis of norms, and the intersections between semiotics, phenomenology, and anthropology. She has been a visiting scholar at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) in Paris and has conducted research in both Italy and France. She is the author of two monographs, Verso. Strutture semiotiche della destinazione (2023) and La balestra di Pierre. Diritto, significazione, cultura (2022), and of numerous essays on issues such as veridiction, decorum, digital images, and the semiotics of law.

Rome, Italy. E-mail: g.bassano@lumsa.it

Andrew McIntyre, University of Amsterdam

Andrew McIntyre is a Postdoctoral Researcher at the University of Amsterdam’s Institute for Logic, Language and Computation. His research examines the socio-political implications of AI-generated media and sits at the intersection of media philosophy, philosophy of technology, and AI ethics. McIntyre holds a PhD in Film and Television Studies and has previously taught and conducted research at the University of Stirling, University of Glasgow, and Humboldt University of Berlin. His forthcoming monograph, Art and Authorship in the AI Spring, explores the emergence of modern AI art through the lens of media philosophy and the work of Vilém Flusser.

Amsterdam, the Netherlands. E-mail: a.mcintyre@uva.nl 

Piero Polidoro, LUMSA University

Piero Polidoro is full professor in Semiotics at LUMSA University in Rome and chair of the master's degree program in Communication, Innovation and Experience design. He has a degree in Communication (University“La Sapienza” of Rome, 2000), a PhD in Semiotics (University of Bologna, 2005) – supervised by Umberto Eco and Patrizia Violi -, and he had a post-doctoral fellowship at Istituto Italiano di Scienze Umane (now part of Scuola Normale Superiore), supervised by Omar Calabrese. His main research interests are in General Semiotics, Visual and Audiovisual Semiotics, Digital media, User experience and Service design.

Rome, Italy. E-mail: p.polidoro@lumsa.it

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Published

February 10, 2026

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Bassano, G., McIntyre, A., & Polidoro, P. (2026). Semiotics of Synthetic Media. In Y. Yousefi, L. Conover, I. Mlakar, & F. Russo (Eds.), Deepfakes, Democracy, and the Ethics of Synthetic Media: A Synthesis of the SOLARIS Project (pp. 57-82). University of Maribor Press. https://doi.org/10.18690/um.feri.2.2026.3