Electrical and Electromechanical Converters: Lecture Notations

Authors

Ivan Zagradišnik
University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6343-759X
Jožef Ritonja
University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-8100

Keywords:

fundamentals of electromagnetics, transformer, induction machine, synchronous machine, commutator machine

Synopsis

The publication is divided into five chapters: Introduction: magnetic field, excitation of windings, induction of voltage, forces and torque, conversion of electrical power into electrical or mechanical power, losses, efficiency, heating and cooling. Transformer: construction elements, ideal and real single-phase transformer, three-phase transformer, special transformer designs. Induction machine: description of construction with windings and mode of operation, starting motors and varying speed and torque, induction generator, single-phase induction motors. Synchronous machine: description of construction and operation, operation on a rigid grid, approximate treatment of a saturated machine, excitation systems and the use of permanent magnets for excitation, and permanent magnet synchronous motors.

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Author Biographies

Ivan Zagradišnik, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Prof. PhD Ivan Zagradišnik; retired Professor of Electrical Engineering-Electrical Machines.

Maribor, Slovenia. E-mail: ivan.zagradisnik@guest.um.si

Jožef Ritonja, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Professor dr. Jožef Ritonja is a lecturer in the field of Electrical and Electromechanical Converters and Control Techniques.

Maribor, Slovenia. E-mail: jozef.ritonja@um.si

References

[1] K. Reichert, Elektromagnetische Energiewandler, ETH Zürich, Institut für Elektrische Maschinen, lecture extracts, Zürich 1983/85

[2] P. Jereb, Fundamentals of electrical machines, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Printing House Ljubljana, (Slovenian), Ljubljana 1975.

[3] G. Müller, Elektrische Maschinen, VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin 1970

[4] G. Gotter, Erwärmung und Kühlung elektrischer Maschinen, Springer-Verlag

Berlin/Göttingen/Heidelberg, 1954

[5] A. Dolenc, Transformers, University of Zagreb, (Croatian), Zagreb 1961

[6] J. Ritonja, I. Zagradišnik, Transformers, University of Maribor, https://press.um.si,(Slovenian), Maribor 2020

[7] A. Dolenc, Induction machine, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana,(Slovenian), Ljubljana 1969

[8] I. Zagradišnik, B. Slemnik, Electric rotating machines, University of Maribor, https://press.um.si, (Slovenian), Maribor 2023

[9] Z. Sirotić, Z. Maljković, Synchronous machines, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, (Croatian), Zagreb 1996

[10] Recommendation for rotating electrical machinery, Part 4: Methods for determining synchronous machine quantities from tests, Publication 60034-4, ED3 - withdrawn,

© IEC 2008, Genève, Suisse,

[11] D. W. Novotny, T. A. Lipo, Principles of Vector Control and Field Orientation, University of Winsconsin - Madison, 1991

[12] Thyssen Edelsthlwerke AG, Dauermagnetische Werkstoffe, Magnetfabrik Dortmund, 1983

[13] B. Jurković, Z. Smolčić, Collector machines, University of Zagreb, School Book –Zagreb, (Croatian), Zagreb 1986

[14] T. Kenyo, S. Nagamori, Permanent-Magnet and Brushless DC Motors, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1985

[15] IEC Standard, Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology, Part 4: Symbols to be used for rotating electrical machines, Publication 27-4, © IEC 1985, Genève, Suisse

[16] IEC Recommendation, Rotating electrical machines, Part 8, Terminal markings and direction of rotation of rotating machines, Publication 60034-8, Genève, 2002, ED2, Suisse

[17] IEC Handbook, Letter symbols, © IEC 1983, Genève, Suisse

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Published

January 17, 2025 — Updated on September 15, 2026

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Details about this monograph

COBISS.SI ID (00)

THEMA Subject Codes (93)

THR

ISBN-13 (15)

978-961-299-192-0

CIP date (35)

2026-08-26

Publication date (01)

2026-09-15

How to Cite

Zagradišnik, I., & Ritonja, J. (2026). Electrical and Electromechanical Converters: Lecture Notations. University of Maribor Press. https://doi.org/10.18690/um.feri.8.2026 (Original work published 2025)