Barriers in the Implementation of Family and Community Nurse Model Using Consolidate Framework for Implementation Research: Findings from a Qualitative Study

The growing burden of chronic conditions requires integrated models of care across hospital and community settings. The Family and Community Nurse (FCN) role has been introduced in Italy to support continuity of care and prevention, yet its implementation remains uneven. This study aimed to explore barriers influencing the implementation of FCN model from nurses’ perspectives and to identify implementation strategies using the CFIR–ERIC approach. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted in a North-East Italian region. Fourteen FCNs participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using deductive content analysis and mapped to the five CFIR domains. Barriers were identified across innovation, inner and outer settings, individuals and process, including organisational misalignment, limited resources, insufficient role recognition, low community awareness and difficulty in adopting preventive practices. CFIR–ERIC matching supported the identification of context-sensitive strategies to guide future implementation.